Access level modifiers的区别
Access level modifiers determine whether other classes can use a particular field or invoke a particular method. There are two levels of access control:
- At the top level—
public
, or package-private (no explicit modifier).- At the member level—
public
,private
,protected
, or package-private(no explicit modifier).
Details:
A class may be declared with the modifier public
, in which case that class is visible to all classes everywhere. If a class has no modifier (the default, also known aspackage-private), it is visible only within its own package (packages are named groups of related classes — you will learn about them in a later lesson.)
At the member level, you can also use the public
modifier or no modifier (package-private) just as with top-level classes, and with the same meaning. For members, there are two additional access modifiers: private
and protected
. Theprivate
modifier specifies that the member can only be accessed in its own class. The protected
modifier specifies that the member can only be accessed within its own package (as with package-private) and, in addition, by a subclass of its class in another package
具体例子:
由此可以对比member层面的两个不同: no modifier 和 protected; 其他两个(public, private)都是直白的对于此package内透明与不透明,没什么花头.
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